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Frederick II, (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) Holy Roman Emperor and king of Sicily was one of the most remarkable monarchs of the Middle Ages and indeed in the entire history of Europe. He was the ruler of all Germany and all of Southern Italy. He was one of the most powerful men in the Middle ages and he attempted to change the political system of Medieval Europe. He had many ambitious political plans but they all failed. In many ways, Frederick II can be considered a remarkable failure, but he had a decisive influence on the development of the Renaissance. Frederick II can be viewed as the first ‘Renaissance Prince.’’ He was a remarkable character and due to his many accomplishments he was commonly known as ‘Stupor Mundi’’ or the ‘Wonder of the World.’’<ref> Kantorowicz, Ernst. <i>Frederick the Second, 1194–1250</i> (London, Longman, 1931), p. 167</ref> The big questions is what influence did Frederick II on the Italian Renaissance and what did he accomplish through his cultural patronage? Ultimately, his secular and rational outlook helped shape the Renaissance.