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The Achaemenids perhaps had one more great chance to defeat Alexander at the battle of Gaugamela near modern day Erbil. There, once again Alexander's tactics proved decisive where his forces formed a wedge-shaped attack that that tore into Darius' center, causing the king to likely flee the battle. With this battle secure, all of Mesopotamia fell to Alexander and the great city of Babylon was entered by Alexander without any need for combat. It is at Babylon that Alexander perhaps decided he would make the city his new capital of his now vast empire, as it would unit the Greek and Near Eastern worlds. Alexander then went on to take Susa, the old capital of the Persians, and then the ceremonial capital of Persepolis, which was at least partially burned most likely by Alexander's troops. Only one more major battle was fought against the Persians at the battle of the Persian Gates, a strategic crossing. After this Darius' was killed by one of his own generals and Achaemenid factions continued to lead a guerilla style war against Alexander. This led Alexander to reach Central Asia, where he founded many cities along the way that gained importance during the rise of the Silk Road. This included the city of Kandhar in Afghanistan and eventually reaching Tajikistan, almost near the edge of Tibet (Figure 2). His wars continued in Central Asia and India, where he encountered major resistance. This led to his men tiring of battle and eventually forcing Alexander to pull his forces back, eventually reaching once again Babylon.

==Why Was He Successful==