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And then came Blackjack Pershing's order for 12 machines. The U.S. Army chased Pancho Villa for nine months and never caught him before World War I intervened. But in the meantime , Harley-Davidson advertisements were trumpeting the motor bikes motorbikes as "Uncle Sam's Choice." The Harley-Davidson Quartermasters School was established in Milwaukee so military instructors could direct Harley-Davidson engineers in designing motorcycles for the battlefield. Some of the innovations they developed were higher-horsepower engines, gas headlights , and high, flat fenders to better navigate through the mud. The school, now known as Harley-Davidson University, still trains mechanics today. <ref>”’H-D Supports the Military,” corporate history, Harley Davidson USA, 2015</ref>

Harley-Davidson would churn out some 15,000 motorcycles for the American war effort. When the Armistice was signed on November 11, 1918 , the first American to enter vanquished Germany was Corporal Roy Holtz - he rode down the cobbled streets on a Harley-Davidson with a sidecar. Despite the company's impressive output in support of the United States Army, the number of Harley-Davidson motor bikes motorbikes sent to Europe was only about one-third of the company's total production. It is estimated that the American military ordered over 80,000 motorcycles and many manufacturers smaller than Harley-Davidson, most notably Indian Motorcycle, overhauled their entire facility to produce military bikes and lost their peacetime market in the process. Most of these companies struggled through the 1920s and were ultimately done in by the Great Depression.[[File:G-585_Harley_Davidson_XA,_751cc,_23hp.JPG|thumbnail|250px|left|G-585 Harley Davidson XA, 751cc, 23hp]] The upshot was that when the United States military was ready to make the largest deployment of motorcycles in its history during World War II, Harley-Davidson was the prime supplier. Company engineers worked tirelessly to design prototypes that could handle shore patrols in Europe, jungles in the Pacific Theater , and desert sands in North Africa. Many of the new designs incorporated engineering gleaned from captured German BMW R71 motorcycles of the Bavarian Motor Works. For three consecutive years , Harley Davidson received the prestigious Army/Navy 'E' Award for Excellence in Wartime Production. <ref>”’H-D Supports the Military,” corporate history, Harley Davidson USA, 2015</ref>

*[[What was the dominant medical sect in the United States during the 19th Century?]]*[[Causes of World War II Top Ten Booklist]]*[[Gilded Age/Progressive Era {{#dpl:category=Military History Top Ten Booklist]]|ordermethod=firstedit|order=descending|count=15}}